Phân họ này gồm khoảng 47 chi và 260 loài:[1]

• Acaronia Myers, 1940
• Aequidens Eigenmann & Bray, 1894
• Amatitlania Schmitter-Soto, 2007
• Amphilophus Agassiz, 1859
• Andinoacara Musilová, Říčan & Novák, 2009
• Archocentrus Gill, 1877
• Australoheros Říčan & Kullander, 2006
• Bujurquina Kullander, 1986
• Caquetaia Fowler, 1945
• Chiapaheros McMahan & Piller, 2015 [2]
• Cichlasoma Swainson, 1839
• Cincelichthys McMahan & Piller, 2015 [2]
• Cleithracara Kullander & Nijssen 1989
• Cryptoheros Allgayer, 2001
• Guianacara Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
• Herichthys Baird & Girard, 1854
• Heroina Kullander, 1996
• Heros Heckel, 1840
• Herotilapia Pellegrin, 1904 [2]
• Hoplarchus Kaup, 1860
• Hypselecara Kullander, 1986
• Hypsophrys Agassiz, 1859
• Kihnichthys McMahan & Matamoros, 2015 [2]
• Krobia Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
• Laetacara Kullander, 1986
• Maskaheros McMahan & Piller, 2015 [2]
• Mesoheros McMahan & Chakrabarty, 2015 [2]
• Mesonauta Günther, 1867
• Nandopsis Gill, 1862
• Nannacara Regan, 1905
• Nosferatu De la Maza-Benignos, Ornelas-García, Lozano-Vilano, García-Ramírez & Doadrio, 2015 [3]
• Oscura McMahan & Chakrabarty, 2015 [2]
• Parachromis Agassiz, 1859
• Paraneetroplus Regan, 1905
• Petenia Günther, 1862
• Pterophyllum Heckel, 1840
• Rheoheros McMahan & Matamoros, 2015 [2]
• Rocio Schmitter-Soto, 2007
• Rondonacara Ottoni & Mattos, 2015 [4]
• Symphysodon Heckel, 1840
• Tahuantinsuyoa Kullander, 1986
• Theraps Günther, 1862
• Thorichthys Meek, 1904
• Tomocichla Regan, 1908
• Trichromis McMahan & Chakrabarty, 2015 [2]
• Uaru Heckel, 1840
• Vieja Fernández-Yépez, 1969 [2]